Stefan Flügel

PhD

Position	Senior Research Officer
E-mail	sfl@toi.no
Direct phone	41 52 05 76

Publication type

TØI-reports

Report.no	Title	Authors	Language	Download
2076/2025	2076/2025 Artifical intelligence for strategic transport planning - opportunities and limitations	Stefan Flügel	Norwegian	Summary, pdf Full report, in Norwegian only, pdf Sammendrag, pdf
2065/2024	2065/2024 Towards activity-based demand modelling for the Greater Oslo Area - Using machine learning to predict travel mode choice and activity plans	Stefan Flügel, Christian Weber, Simen Sørbøe Klommestein, Johan Korsmo, Anders Kielland	English	Sammendrag, pdf Hele rapporten, kun på engelsk, pdf Summary, pdf
2051/2024	2051/2024 A review of how different models can be used for assessing transport demand with foresight methods and backcasting	Niels Buus Kristensen, Stefan Flügel, Inger Beate Hovi, Anne Madslien, Paal Brevik Wangsness, Wiljar Hansen, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Christian Steinsland, Bjørn Gjerde Johansen	Norwegian	Full report, in Norwegian only, pdf Sammmendrag, pdf
2035/2024	2035/2024 Possibilities for improved modelling of transport measures in cities	Stefan Flügel, Christian Weber, Tom N. Hamre	Norwegian	Summary, pdf Full report, in Norwegian only, pdf Sammendrag, pdf
1993/2023	1993/2023 TraModSim: an open-source traffic assignment tool for TraMod_By based on MATSim	Stefan Flügel, Gunnar Flötteröd, Rasmus Ringdal, Christian Weber	English	Summary, pdf Full report, pdf Sammendrag, pdf
1923/2022	1923/2022 Driving comfort level, value of travel time, and route choice of car travelers	Askill Harkjerr Halse, Stefan Flügel, Knut Johannes Liland Hartveit, Christian Steinsland	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1922/2022	1922/2022 Bicycle infrastructure and bicycle demand - Literature review and development of a simple spreadsheet model	Ingunn Opheim Ellis, Stefan Flügel	Norsk bokmål	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1882/2022	1882/2022 Valuation based on Big Data and revealed preference data: An assessment for Norwegian transport appraisal	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Christian Weber, Ingunn Opheim Ellis	English	Summary Full report Sammendrag
1876/2022	1876/2022 Further development of models for distributions of trip purpose and arrival time of train trips	Stefan Flügel, Aino Ukkonen, Rikke Ingebrigtsen, Frants Gundersen, Nina Hulleberg	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1842/2021	1842/2021 Valuation of active transport factors – infrastructure and health. Technical report, the Norwegian valuation study 2018-2020.	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Guri Natalie Jordbakke, Hanne Beate Sundfør	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1823/2021	1823/2021 The Norwegian Substitution Study for Electronic Communication	Rasmus Bøgh Holmen, Christian S. Mjøsund, Harald Wium Lie, Mikael Christiansson, Stefan Flügel	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1819/2021	1819/2021 A forward-looking perspective on Norwegian transport models. Opportunities for improved models with a focus on travel in urban areas	Stefan Flügel, Anne Madslien, Nina Hulleberg, Christian Steinsland, Bjørn Gjerde Johansen	Norwegian	Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1814/2021	1814/2021 New demand model for short trips in Norway. Technical documentation from the estimation	Jens Rekdal, Odd I Larsen, Tom N. Hamre, Olav Kåre Malmin, Nina Hulleberg, Stefan Flügel, Anne Madslien	Norwegian	Summary - in Norwegian only Full report - in Norwegian only Exhibit - in Norwegian only
1804/2020	1804/2020 A tool for projections and scenario analysis of train trips in Norway	Stefan Flügel, Aino Ukkonen, Nina Hulleberg, Vegard Østli	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1778/2020	1778/2020 The Value of Time as a continuous function of travel distance	Stefan Flügel, Anne Madslien	Norwegian	Summary - in Norwegian only Full report - in Norwegian only
1774/2020	1774/2020 Valuation of driving comfort for different road types	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Knut Johannes Liland Hartveit, Nina Hulleberg, Christian Steinsland, Aino Ukkonen	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1762/2020	1762/2020 Value of travel time and related factors. Technical report, the Norwegian valuation study 2018-2019.	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Nina Hulleberg, Guri Natalie Jordbakke, Knut Veisten, Hanne Beate Sundfør, Marco Kouwenhoven	Norwegian	Summary Exhibits A-I - in Norwegian only Rapporten uten vedleggene Sammendrag
1757/2020	1757/2020 Public transport passengers’ valuation of universal design and comfort	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Nils Fearnley, Hanne Beate Sundfør, Nina Hulleberg, Guri Natalie Jordbakke	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1727/2019	1727/2019 A new model for shifting the time of travel in regional transport models	Stefan Flügel, Tom N. Hamre	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1680/2019	1680/2019 The Norwegian value of time study on freight transport 2018	Askill Harkjerr Halse, Christian S. Mjøsund, Marit Killi, Stefan Flügel, Guri Natalie Jordbakke, Inger Beate Hovi, Marco Kouwenhoven, Gerard de Jong	Norsk bokmål	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1648/2018	1648/2018 Empirical based infrastructure weights for bicycle route choice	Nina Hulleberg, Stefan Flügel, Grétar Ævarsson	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1596/2017	1596/2017 Further development of the market potential model for Oslo and Akershus (MPM23 v2.0)	Stefan Flügel, Guri Natalie Jordbakke	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1561/2017	1561/2017 Calculation of economic benefits of planned bicycle highways with the tool EkspressEffekt	Stefan Flügel, Anne Madslien	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1558/2017	1558/2017 Modelling distributions of trip purpose and preffered arrival time for train trips	Stefan Flügel, Rikke Ingebrigtsen, Nina Hulleberg	Norwegian	Summary Full report in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1557/2017	1557/2017 Speed models for bicycle and e-bike	Stefan Flügel, Nina Hulleberg, Aslak Fyhri, Christian Weber, Grétar Ævarsson, Eva-Gurine Skartland	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1534/2016	1534/2016 Trenklin 2: Review of the Model and Discussion about Fields of Application	Stefan Flügel, Nina Hulleberg	Norwegian	Summary Full report - in Norwegian only Sammendrag
1451/2015	1451/2015 Market potential model for Oslo and Akershus (MPM23) – Documentation and user manual of version 1.0	Stefan Flügel, Elise Caspersen, Truls Angell, Nils Fearnley, Chi Kwan Kwong	Norwegian	Summary Full report Model description and additional analysis with version 1.1
1408/2015	1408/2015 Measuring the patronage impact of soft quality improvements in urban public transport	Nils Fearnley, Jørgen Aarhaug, Stefan Flügel, Jonas Eliasson, Anne Madslien	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1358/2014	1358/2014 Evaluation of methods for calculating traffic assignment and travel times in congested urban areas with strategic transport models	Stefan Flügel, Gunnar Flötteröd, Chi Kwan Kwong, Christian Steinsland	English	Summary Full report Sammendrag
1083/2010	1083/2010 Valuation of freight transport time and reliability	Askill Harkjerr Halse, Hanne Samstad, Marit Killi, Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi	Norwegian	Summary Full report Sammendrag
1053h/2010	1053h/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport – Supplementary study of the values of time	Askill Harkjerr Halse, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1053g/2010	1053g/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport - Insecurity	Stefan Flügel, Knut Veisten, Farideh Ramjerdi	Norwegian	Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1053f/2010	1053f/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport. Positive health effects	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1053c/2010	1053c/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport. Accidents - Valuation of statistical lives and limbs and the social costs of road accidents	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Rune Elvik	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1053b/2010	1053b/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport – Time	Farideh Ramjerdi, Stefan Flügel, Hanne Samstad, Marit Killi	Norwegian	Summary Rapporten uten vedlegg Vedleggene
1053a/2010	1053a/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in passenger transport - Description of data	Hanne Samstad, Marit Killi, Stefan Flügel, Knut Veisten, Farideh Ramjerdi	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1053/2010	1053/2010 Value of time, safety and environment in Norwegian passenger transport - Summary Report	Hanne Samstad, Farideh Ramjerdi, Knut Veisten, Ståle Navrud, Kristin Magnussen, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Rune Elvik, Orlando San Martin	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag
1039/2009	1039/2009 Passengers’ valuation of measures for universal design of public transport	Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi, Merethe Dotterud Leiren, Åse Nossum, Kåre H. Skollerud, Jørgen Aarhaug	Norwegian	Summary Hele rapporten Sammendrag

Academic articles

Title	Authors	Publication
Introduction vs. price change of road toll – a panel data analysis of revealed preferences	Stian Brosvik Bayer, Stefan Flügel	Research in Transportation Economics, 2025, 112(August 2025, 101592):1-15
Travellers’ valuation of sitting and standing positions in crowded metros and trains	Nina Hulleberg, Stefan Flügel	Transportation, 2025, :1-38
Aversion to In-vehicle Crowding before, during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic	Stefan Flügel, Nina Hulleberg	Findings, 2022, (August):1-7
Value of travel time by road type	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Knut Johannes Liland Hartveit, Aino Ukkonen	European Transport Research Review, 2022, 14(35):13
The effect of health benefits on the value of travel time savings in active transport	Stefan Flügel, Knut Veisten, Hanne Beate Sundfør, Guri Natalie Jordbakke, Nina Hulleberg, Askill Harkjerr Halse	Journal of Transport & Health, 2021, 21:1-15
Investigating observed and unobserved variation in the probability of ‘not travel’ as a behavioural response to restrictive policies	Stefan Flügel, Nils Fearnley, Marit Killi	Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2019, 77(December):63-76
A comparison of bus passengers' and car drivers' valuation of casualty risk reductions in their routes	Stefan Flügel, Knut Veisten, Luis I. Rizzi, Juan de Dios Ortúzar, Rune Elvik	Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2019, 122:63-75
Review and meta-analysis of inter-modal cross-elasticity evidence	Mark Wardman, Jeremy P Toner, Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi	Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2018, 118(December):662-681
Competition and substitution between public transport modes	Nils Fearnley, Graham Currie, Stefan Flügel, Fredrik Alexander Gregersen, Marit Killi, Jeremy P Toner, Mark Wardman	Research in Transportation Economics, 2018, 69(September):51-58
Empirical speed models for cycling in the Oslo road network	Stefan Flügel, Nina Hulleberg, Aslak Fyhri, Christian Weber, Grétar Ævarsson	Transportation, 2017, :25
What Factors Affect Cross-Modal Substitution - Evidences from the Oslo Area	Stefan Flügel, Nils Fearnley, Jeremy P Toner	International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, 2017, 2(1):11-29
Triggers of Urban Passenger Mode Shift – State of the Art and Model Evidence	Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi, Fredrik Alexander Gregersen, Mark Wardman, Elise Caspersen, Jeremy P Toner	Transportation Research Procedia, 2017, 26(Open Access):62-80
Methodological challenges in modelling the choice of mode for a new travel alternative using binary stated choice data – The case of high speed rail in Norway	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse, Juan de Dios Ortúzar, Luis I. Rizzi	Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2015, 78:438–451
Asymmetric preferences for road safety: evidence from a stated choice experiment among car drivers	Stefan Flügel, Rune Elvik, Knut Veisten, Luis I. Rizzi, Sunniva Frislid Meyer, Farideh Ramjerdi, Juan de Dios Ortúzar	Transportation Research Part F: Psychology and Behaviour, 2015, 31:112–123
Car drivers’ valuation of landslide risk reductions	Stefan Flügel, Luis I. Rizzi, Knut Veisten, Rune Elvik, Juan de Dios Ortúzar	Safety Science, 2015, 77:1-9
Valuation of cycling facilities with and without controlling for casualty risk	Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi, Knut Veisten, Marit Killi, Rune Elvik	International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2015, 9(5):364-376
Accounting for user type and mode effects on the value of travel time savings in project appraisal: Opportunities and challenges	Stefan Flügel	Research in Transportation Economics, 2014, 47:50-60
Valuing casualty risk reductions from estimated baseline risk	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Luis I. Rizzi, Juan de Dios Ortúzar, Rune Elvik	Research in Transportation Economics, 2013, 43(1):50-61
Passengers' valuations of universal design measures in public transport	Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi	Research in Transportation Economics, 2011, 2:83-91
Cycling and walking for transport: estimating net health effects from comparison of different transport mode users' self-reported physical activity	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi, Harald Minken	Health Economics Review, 2011, 1(3):1-9
Public's trade-off between a new risk-based airport screening and asserted terror risk impact: a stated choice survey from Norway	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Torkel Bjørnskau	Journal of Transportation Technologies, 2011, 1(2):11-20

Academic books/ chapters, etc.

Title	Authors	Publication
Quantifying benefits of universal design in public transport	Knut Veisten, Stefan Flügel, Nils Fearnley	I: Fuglerud, K.S., Leister, W.V., Torrado Vidal, J.C. (eds.):Universal Design 2024: Shaping a Sustainable, Equitable and Resilient Future for All. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Universal Design (UD2024), Oslo, Norway, 20-22 November 2024, s. NederlandIOS Press , 2024
Estimation of Value of Time	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse	I: Roger Vickerman (eds.):International Encyclopedia of Transportation, Vol. 1, s. United KingdomElsevier , 2021
Modal substitution in urban transport: a stated preference approach	Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi	I: 7th Transport Research Arena TRA 2018, April 16-19, 2018, Vienna, AustriaWienTRA 2018 , 2018
Forecasting ridership for new modes using binary stated choice data – methodological challenges in studying the demand for high-speed rail in Norway	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse	I: 1st European Symposium on Quantitative Methods in Transportation SystemsLausanne , 2012
Non-Linear Utility Specifications in Mode Choice Models for High-Speed Rail	Stefan Flügel, Askill Harkjerr Halse	I: Kuhmo Nectar Conference on Transportation Economics 2012Berlin , 2012

Other reports, books, papers etc.

Title	Authors	Publication
Transport demand in futures with artificial general intelligence	Stefan Flügel, Paal Brevik Wangsness	Oslo: Langsikt , 2025
Cost Benefit Analyses: Passengers' Valuations of Universal Design for Public Transport	Stefan Flügel, Nils Fearnley, Marit Killi	I: TransportforumLinköping, Sweden , 2010
Passengers' valuations of accessibility of public transport.	Nils Fearnley, Stefan Flügel, Marit Killi, Merethe Dotterud Leiren, Åse Nossum, Farideh Ramjerdi	I: The International Association for Travel Behaviour Research (IATBR) biannual conferenceJaipur, India , 2009

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Stefan Flügel

TØI-reports

Academic articles

Academic books/ chapters, etc.

Other reports, books, papers etc.